There are literally over a thousand different extensions other than .com. .io is a country code for the British Indian Ocean Territory. One of hundreds of country Top Level Domains including .me, .co, .tv, which are genericized. .uk, .fr, .it, etc which aren’t genericized. That doesn’t even get into .blog, .design, .shop, or .art and the hundreds of generic TLDs.
It is a domain assigned to British Indian Ocean Territory. Same as .uk for United Kingdom, .de for Germany and etc…
People purchase it as any other domain name trough online seller and set it up on their server.
Apps and services are made same as any other web site or web application.
They use development (programing) tools and languages they are familiar with. PHP, js, ruby, python…
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