on a (windows) computer there’s basically always 2 systems running:
– the operating system “core”
– the user services (like everything you see, the programs you launch, etc)
when you log out, it shuts down the second part FOR YOUR USER. when you shut it down/tell the system to restart it does so for both those parts and for every user on the computer.
why would you prefer to log out? Because maybe
– someone else is logged onto your computer,
– your computer is some kind of server providing services (like DNS or time) to your network
– this way it’s quicker to log in as someone else (like switching from a local user account to the admin account) than rebooting.
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