4K indicates its 4000 pixels but really means 3840×2160 pixels
UHD and QHD are just marketing speak for different resolutions
UHD is ultra HD which is the marketing term for 4K
QHD is the marketing term for Quad HD, which refers to 2560×1440 being 4 times the resolution then 1280×720 in pixel count.
you have
High Definition : 720p
Full High Definition : 1080p
Quad High Definition : 1440p
Ultra High Definition : 2160p
8K Ultra high definition : 4320p
the P means progressive scan, meaning it goes line by line, sometimes you will see a i instead of the p next to the resolution, it means Interlaced, it means that when creating the image, it does every other line, so image quality is a bit reduced but for storage and transmission you basically save half the bandwidth.
So many HDTV transmissions at first were I instead of P at first.
4k and UHD are double 1080p HD. 3840×2160 vs 1920×1080.
Quad HD is double 720p HD. So that’s lower resolution.
Both are letterbox 16:9 format.
Quad HD is considered achievable graphics for average computers and consoles. 4K is still hard to do.
In short, if you are buying new, go for 4K. 4K monitor can display QHD resolution perfectly well. But not the other way around.
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