Basically, the title.
In: Physics
No it is basically a conceit for a thought experiment, there would be no bonding of atoms together if this was the case, no chemicals at all except for individual atoms.
There is the [Pauli exclusion principle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauli_exclusion_principle) which says that two identical particles behave different than two non-identical particles.
It stems from the fact that positrons – the anti-particle of the electron – behave like electrons going backwards in time. The idea is that all electrons are the same electron, each connected by an electron that goes back in time (a.k.a. a positron).
As an analogy, imagine zig-zagging traintracks and a really long train. As the train moves forward on these traintracks, some parts are going to be moving towards the left and others are moving towards the right. The train is so long that it occupies the whole zig-zagging bit of the railtracks. The parts of the train moving towards the right are like the electron going forward in time, while going left represents backwards in time. There is only one train, but it goes both ways at different points.
To close off, I will say that this idea is not really taken seriously as there are some problems with it. For example, there would be as many electrons as positrons in this theory, while we observe many more electrons than positrons in the universe.
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