How tribal people live, learn, inter-operate and treat themselves during diseases without modern knowledge
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This sounds like an extremely large question and one I am not sure has much utility…to begin with there are so many different peoples out there with different types of diseases to be concerned about. Plus while there are still people who live wholly traditional lifestyles, I’d be willing to wager the vast majority of people you consider “tribal” do in fact have knowledge of and at least some access to modern medicine.
Perhaps it would be worth looking at what was done in ancient times when modern medical knowledge didn’t exist anywhere in the world? Examples of this would include ancient Egyptian medical treatises, as well as the work of Galen. Ancient China and India also have a lot to tell us about their medical theories. Even the Law in the Old Testament/Tanakh gives evidence of things that particular ancient society did as far as hygiene and public health.
To go back even further than that, there may be archaeological evidence of surgeries and medicinal herbs used before the invention of writing. Again these practices could vary wildly around the world but I think these may be more helpful avenues to consider when it comes to ancient medicine.
medicine has existed since before human civilization. Modern knowledge builds on the knowledge gained over thousands of years of people trying to feel better. Even if you don’t know what germs are, you can know if a remedy or surgical procedure works or not, and 50,000 years of trial and error gets results.
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