A really solid punch starts in your feet. You push off your back foot, meaning your whole body is moving forward. Then you twist at the waist and back, pushing your shoulder forward faster. Then your shoulder and arm muscles punch forward, but they already have speed and force behind them. Everything adds up.
In addition to the excellent answers others provided about the muscles working together to power a punch (for more reading, look up *kinetic linking*), boxers also have good back muscles because they need to move their torso fast to avoid their opponent’s punches.
Standard defenses include slipping (leaning a bit to the side), bobbing (ducking a bit) and weaving (leaning more to the side), which use all the torso muscles extensively, as well as the legs and head.
A baseball pitcher wants to move their hand as fast as possible to throw the ball as fast as possible. The ball is light so the force matters less than the speed.
A boxer is the opposite. They want to hit with as much force as possible. That means they want every muscle in their body in the punch.
When a boxer connects with a solid punch (not a jab) they want a straight line between their foot pushing on the ground to their hand hitting their foe. They want to get all of their weight behind the punch. The hand is just what delivers the blow – the force comes from their entire body.
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