I have a bio midterm tomorrow and I’m a bit of a science dummy. I’m supposed to be able to summarize the process/inputs and outputs of cellular respiration in the three stages (glycolysis, krebs, and ETC i think?) but I’m very confused!
In: Biology
1) glycolysis
Input: 1 glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, 4 (ADP + Pi)
Output: 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP, 2 NADH + protons, 2 H2O
Notes: in cytosol. Does not need oxygen. Produces lactate without oxygen.
———-
2) pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Input: 2 pyruvate, 2 NAD+
Output: 2 Acetyl coA, 2 CO2, 2 NADH + protons
Notes: in mitochondrial matrix (in eukaryotes). Happens in pyruvate dehysrogenase complex.
———-
3) citric acid cycle/Krebs/TCA
Input: 2 acetyl coA, 2 oxaloacetate, 2 (ADP + Pi), 6 NAD+, 2 FAD
Output: 4 CO2, 2 ATP, 6 NADH + protons, 2 FADH2
Notes: in mitochondrial matrix. Needs oxygen but not directly. Actually produces GTP, but that gets converted to ATP.
———-
4) electron transport chain
Input: ADP, O2, NADH/FADH2
Output: NAD+, FAD, ATP (34 to 36), H2O
Notes: in inner mitochondrial membrane. Definitely needs oxygen. I’m too lazy to do the math, but you can calculate how many products you had from before to get to this result.
All the above is per 1 glucose molecule. I gave a summary, I didn’t explain anything. If you have questions, let me know. Good luck!
input:
Glucose, a common sugar. (other things enter and exit the system every now and then)
Glycolysis: Glucose is converted to pyruvate.
Pyruvate oxidation: Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl CoA
Krebs cycle: Acetyl CoA binds to citrate and essentially does a loop, losing and gaining bits until only the citrate is left and another Acetyl CoA joins on.
Electron transport chain: in all the previous 3 steps NADH, ATP and FADH are produced. NADH and FADH go through the electron transport chain and produce 3 ATP for NADH and 2 ATP for FADH.
Inputs: Glucose (and 2 ATP)
Outputs: 38 ATP
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